Dr. Lee Ann Brady

Dr. Lee Ann Brady

Dr. Lee Ann Brady lives in Phoenix, Arizona with her husband Kelly and three children Sarah, Jenna and Kyle. She owns Desert Sun Smiles Dental Care, a private restorative practice in Glendale, Arizona. Outside of her private practice, Dr. Brady is the Director of Education for The Pankey Institute, recognized for hands-on education programs focused on occlusion and restorative dentistry. She is the founder and lead curator of Restorative Nation, a supportive learning community for dentists.

picture of teeth with arrows pointing to the Interdental Papilla

Interdental Papilla: Esthetic Considerations 

July 5, 2024 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDTopic originally appeared on Pankey.org: Dr. Brady allowed permission for igniteDDS to share…

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lady holding retainers with questions about post orthodontic care

Post-Orthodontic Questions for Retainers 

May 24, 2024 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDTopic originally appeared on Pankey.org: Dr. Brady allowed permission for igniteDDS to share…

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predictable veneers

Predictable Veneers: The Art of Shrink Wrap Provisionals

May 17, 2024 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDTopic originally appeared on Pankey.org: Dr. Brady allowed permission for igniteDDS to share…

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broken provisionals

Cracking the Case: Understanding Broken Provisionals

May 10, 2024 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDTopic originally appeared on Pankey.org: Dr. Brady allowed permission for igniteDDS to share…

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A Dentist's Perspective on Retainer Wear Time

A Dentist’s Perspective on Retainer Wear Time

April 5, 2024 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDTopic Originally Appeared on PankeyGram.org Patients tend to want to spend as little…

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centric relation

Do Patients Parafunction In Centric Relation?

December 1, 2023 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDArticle Originally Appeared on PankeyGram.org Seated Condylar Position I know even the mention…

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My Favorite Occlusal Deprogrammers

My Favorite Occlusal Deprogrammers

November 24, 2023 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDTopic Originally Appeared on PankeyGram.org Deprogramming of the lateral pterygoid muscle is generally done…

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when your occlusal clearance disappears

When Your Occlusal Clearance Disappears

November 17, 2023 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMDTopic Originally Appeared on PankeyGram.org It can be an incredibly frustrating clinical situation…

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By: Lee Ann Brady DMD I ask the question “Is wear normal?” at almost every lecture I do on occlusion. Usually the response is a small number of mumbled replies. A good follow up question is “How many eighty-five-year-old patients have you seen with mamelons?” I hope you are thinking not many, if any at all. So, yes, tooth wear of some amount is normal. A combination of attrition, erosion and abrasion cause all of us to lose enamel over a lifetime. Is the wear advancing at a pathological rate? The more important question is when is the wear age-appropriate and when is it advancing at a pathologic rate? We don’t have the data to know how many millimeters of enamel loss is appropriate at every decade of life. In order to help with this answer in my office, I play a mental game. With the picture of the patient’s current wear in mind and a knowledge of their age, I imagine if the wear continues at the same rate at what age their teeth will be in jeopardy or need restorative dentistry to be saved. I then reveal this estimate to the patient. You can document wear over time in three ways. I believe it is important that I help my patients understand the process and the options for protecting their teeth. To quantify the amount of wear that is happening, we take a measurement from the CEJ to the incisal edge of several teeth with wear. We take the measurement on the mid-facial and record it on the patient’s perio chart. At subsequent appointments we can now repeat these measurements and have clear data that the process is continuing. Another great way to document tooth wear is with photography. With repeat photographs, we and the patient can see the change over time. Today with digital impressions and software we can scan the arch, and then compare scans months or years later and get a precise measurement of the change. What is causing the wear? I believe that some wear is normal. I base this on the fact that I have very few if any patients who are in their seventies or eighties and still have mamelons on their incisors. Wear is a concern when the amount of tooth structure being lost is out pacing the patient’s age. I wrote about determining when wear leaves the physiologic category and becomes something we need to discuss with patients. Both attrition and erosion can cause severe tooth wear, but they pose different long-term risks. Once we have a sense of the cause of tooth wear, we can partner with the patient to treat the damage and manage the progression. These are the guidelines for discerning attrition from erosion. Attrition is the loss of tooth structure caused when the patient rubs two tooth surfaces together. You will observe: • Matching facets on upper and lower teeth • Facets on tooth surfaces that occlude • Enamel and dentin worn evenly Erosion is caused by the presence of acid from issues like GERD and eating disorders. You will observe: • Facets that may or may not match on upper and lower teeth • Facets on tooth surfaces that are not in occlusion • Dentin cupped out and wearing faster than enamel • Tooth structure wearing around restorations that remain unchanged Note that attrition can be seen in addition to erosion, often giving us a false sense of how much the patient truly parafunctions, as the etched tooth structure wears away more easily. Occlusal Therapy Why Occlusal Appliance Therapy Is My First Step Prior to Ortho, Equilibration, or Restorative Occlusal changes on an appliance are easy and reversible. An appliance can immediately reduce elevator muscle activity and give the patient relief. The patient also experiences what changes to their tooth contacts could provide for them long term. We can test the changes that would be made by ortho, equilibration, and/or restorative. Our goals are to stabilize the joint anatomy and reduce the activity of the elevator muscles because those muscles are what overload the joints and teeth. We also want to slow down the rate of damage to the dentition and move that rate back to a more age-appropriate pace. We also may need to reorganize a patient’s occlusion to manage occlusal forces to ensure restorations that last. Removing Posterior Contacts Does Not Work for Every Patient Over my years of clinical practice, I have found that changing the occlusion does reduce functional risk for most patients. But we all have patients with perfect occlusion who present with TMD symptoms. We have some patients who continue to parafunction after we move them into immediate posterior disclusion. Studies show that proprioception causes the elevator muscles to engage in only 80 to 85% of the population. This means that when the brain receives the signal that teeth are touching, the brain elevates the masseter muscles in 80 to 85% of people. Tooth contact is the trigger. Because this proprioception does not occur for 15 to 20% of the population, it is not the universal trigger for excessive loading. Over my years in clinical practice, I have learned there is nothing I can do that is 100% dependable to stop a patient from para-functioning. Some of my patients continue to excessively load after posterior contacts are removed. Their functional risk does not diminish. If we cannot reduce elevator force and redistribute force enough on an occlusal appliance to eliminate or at least relieve TMD symptoms, then occlusal therapy via ortho, equilibration, or restorative will not satisfactorily help the patient. We will need to turn to other forms of therapy. Other modalities I use are BOTOX to deactivate muscles, massage therapy, and physical therapy. There are also systemic medications, cold lasers, and TENS therapy we can use to reduce the activity of the muscles or reduce inflammation in the muscles and joints. Sometimes one modality will alleviate symptoms for a while and when symptoms return, we can try it again or try another modality. An Exercise to Identify the Patients Who May Not Benefit from Occlusal Therapy You can do what I call a poor man’s EMG on yourself by placing your hands on your masseter muscles. Put your back teeth together, clench and release, clench and release, clench and release to see how much masseter activity you have. Then move your teeth into protrusive edge to edge and try to clench a little bit, making sure your back teeth do not touch. If you now have a posterior tooth touching in the edge-to-edge position, then put a pencil or pen between your front teeth to separate your back teeth. With no back teeth touching and contact on the centrals, try to clench and release two or three times while feeling your masseters. Most of you will find your masseters do not move or move a lot less when no back teeth are touching. Some of you, even with your back teeth separated, can still clench in protrusive and can still increase the muscle activity almost the same amount as when your back teeth touch. I do this exercise with my patients, but when they move into protrusive, I put a bite stop over their front teeth or have them bite on a Lucia jig we have lined for their bite registration. If you do this test with your patients, you can use an EMG or feel the muscle activity with your hands. If the patient can still generate almost the same force or the same force with their back teeth separated, you have identified one of the around 15% of people who might not benefit significantly from occlusal therapy. You’ve also identified someone who might not do well on an anterior-only appliance because, if they can generate that same force on just two teeth, they are at risk for those teeth becoming sore and moving. Interested in Learning More? Join me at The Pankey Institute with The Essentials Series. Starting with Essentials 1, this series offers a comprehensive and structured approach to dental education. Participants will gain essential knowledge and skills, enabling them to build a solid understanding of fundamental concepts in dentistry. From fundamental principles to essential clinical techniques, this series lays the groundwork for a successful dental practice and provides a strong platform for further specialization.

Occlusal Wear: Is It Advancing? How Fast?

October 17, 2023 |

By: Lee Ann Brady DMD I ask the question “Is wear normal?” at almost every lecture I…

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Ken Jorgenson of CARR.us

How to Avoid Some of the Biggest Dental Real Estate Mistakes

By Ken Jorgenson | May 15, 2021

How can you avoid some of the biggest real estate mistakes when it comes to your dental practice? Ken Jorgenson of CARR.us is here with some advice.

Top of mouth

How to Give a Painless AMSA Dental Nerve Block

By David Rice | May 14, 2021

Giving a painless AMSA nerve block is paramount in any dental esthetic case. It’s also a major efficiency win in treating multiple anterior teeth.

Zirconia

Zirconia: What Your Dental Lab Isn’t Telling You

By David Rice | May 10, 2021

By: Dr. David Rice As we all know, Zirconia is just one type of dental material at our disposal as dentists today. Do you know what I love about my dental lab? They speak the truth, the whole truth, and everything around the truth. Thank you, Bonadent! I was reminded of that as I spoke…

Ancient teeth

How dentistry helped solve an ancient murder

By Kevin Henry | April 26, 2021

It’s the stuff that you love to watch on Netflix with the lights turned down. It revolves around a murder mystery from long ago that there were plenty of ideas about, but no concrete proof of exactly what happened and why. There were plenty of guesses and theories, but it took dentistry to crack the…

Real estate in neon

Maximize your profitability through dental real estate, part 2

By Ken Jorgenson | April 16, 2021

In part 2 of this series, we will continue discussing how to maximize your profitability through dental real estate.

Michael Strahan

Let’s talk Michael Strahan and smile design in your dental practice

By Kevin Henry | April 12, 2021

Michael Strahan’s dental-related April Fools’ Day joke got us thinking about the options that could be available to him with today’s dental technology.

lessons learned from the pandemic as a dentist

Lessons Learned from the Pandemic As a Dentist

By Bill Simon | April 9, 2021

By: Dr. Bill Simon A career in dentistry can certainly offer up its share of challenges. Some may feel like little bumps in the road, some like speedbumps, and some, hopefully very few, will feel like the road has disappeared. The COVID-19 pandemic caused the road to disappear. As a dentist, you live and you…

Google logo

Why dental practices need to know about zero click searches

By Kevin Henry | April 9, 2021

How can zero searches on Google and other sites help your dental practice? Sean Hamel is here to explain.

Leadership can involve failure

Embracing Failure to Adopt Everyday Innovation

By Amisha Singh | April 2, 2021

An important lesson in leadership? Understanding that it’s OK to fail if you’re learning from your mistakes and moving forward.

Infection

Infection control: How NOT to get sued … and a whole lot more

By David Rice | March 29, 2021

Here are three simple questions to answer when it comes to infection control in the dental practice.